岳晓勇：美应尽快解冻阿富汗央行资产，解除对阿单边制裁

7月25日至26日，阿富汗问题高级别国际会议在乌兹别克斯坦首都塔什干举行。本次会议由乌兹别克斯坦总统米尔济约耶夫发起，以“阿富汗：安全与经济发展”为主题，旨在促进国际社会支持在阿开展协调行动，并提供人道主义援助。来自中国、俄罗斯、美国、英国、土耳其、伊朗、巴基斯坦和阿富汗临时政府等20多个国家和国际组织的代表和专家学者参会。

外交部阿富汗事务特使、中国论坛特约专家岳晓勇在会上做了主题为《携手并进共创和平稳定的阿富汗》的发言。

岳晓勇指出，“喀布尔时刻”已过去将近一年。在各方积极努力下，阿形势趋稳的一面有所加强，没有发生大规模难民潮。但也应看到，受单边制裁、外援剧减、灾害频发等影响，阿经济民生困局严峻。72%人口位于贫困线下，2300万民众处于饥饿状态，失业率高达38%。“伊斯兰国”不时发动暴恐袭击，“基地”组织、“东伊运”等图谋利用阿乱局坐大，阿恐怖安全威胁远未解除。阿问题走向仍关系到地区乃至全球安全稳定。阿如变乱失序，将对国际社会产生负面影响，对本地区更是灾难。

岳晓勇表示，去年8月以来，中国通过双边渠道陆续向阿富汗提供了价值3.5亿多元人民币的粮食、医药、疫苗、越冬物资等紧急人道援助，帮助阿人民渡过了艰难寒冷的冬天。中方还重启“阿富汗松子空中走廊“，促成1600余吨松子通过货运包机输华，积极进口藏红花、杏干、无花果、葡萄干等阿特色农产品，以市场化方式帮助阿民众纾忧解困。今年3月，中方宣布向阿提供10亿元人民币人道和发展援助。前不久阿富汗地震，中方第一时间宣布向阿提供5000万元人民币紧急人道援助，迅速通过多批次包机向阿运送帐篷、毛巾被、折叠床等急需物资，协调地方政府、企业、民间机构向阿交付现汇和其他救灾物资，直接有力支持阿抗震救灾。

中方还密集开展涉阿多边协作，创建了以外长会为主体的阿邻国协调合作机制，努力凝聚国际社会稳阿助阿共识与合力。今年3月下旬，王毅国务委员兼外长访阿后，在安徽屯溪主持召开第三次阿邻国外长会系列会议，推动各方发表了体现对阿政治支持的《联合声明》和聚焦支持阿经济重建与务实合作的《屯溪倡议》，为阿和本地区和平稳定注入了强劲动力。

岳晓勇指出，安全和发展问题不仅是困扰阿的两大难题，也是各方共同面临的两大全球性挑战。中方愿同国际社会和地区国家共同努力，帮助阿系统应对治理、安全、经济、民生等方面挑战。他呼吁各方从引导阿内外政策、破解经济民生困局、推进涉阿互联互通、解除对阿单边制裁、加强反恐安全合作等方面加强协调合作。

岳晓勇会后在接受乌兹别克斯坦国家电视台（Uzreport）采访时再次强调，希望美国尽快解冻阿央行资产，解除对阿单边制裁，尤其是在当下阿富汗亟需各种国际援助的时候。国际社会需要帮助阿富汗摆脱这场危机，周边和中亚其他国家可以携手合作，将应对阿富汗问题的进程推进下去。岳晓勇还感谢了会议主办国乌兹别克斯坦在一个合适的时间举办了这场有积极意义的会议。

阿富汗问题高级别国际会议期间，岳晓勇还主持召开了阿富汗邻国特使会晤。俄罗斯、巴基斯坦、伊朗、塔吉克斯坦等国阿富汗问题特使或主管官员出席。与会各方同意进一步发挥邻国优势，加强涉阿协调合作，抓紧跟进落实由巴基斯坦、伊朗、中国先后主办的历次阿富汗邻国外长会成果，特别是第三次邻国外长会发表的《屯溪倡议》，推动尽快成立政治外交、经济人道、安全稳定三个工作组，共促阿富汗和平稳定发展。特使会晤重申，支持乌兹别克斯坦明年举办第四次阿富汗邻国外长会。会后，岳特使向乌兹别克斯坦、土库曼斯坦方面通报了会议情况。

更多会议详情请见乌兹别克斯坦国家电视台报道：

https://www.facebook.com/uzreport.world/videos/tashkent-hosts-international-conference-on-afghanistan/1099809144253787/

Work Together Towards a Peaceful and Stable Afghanistan

—Speech by H.E. Special Envoy Dr. Yue Xiaoyong at the International Conference on Afghanistan

Your Excellency Acting Foreign Minister Vladimir Norov,
Excellencies and Colleagues,
Ladies and gentlemen,

Good morning. It’s a great honor and pleasure to meet you all in this beautiful capital city of Tashkentand participate in the International Conference on Afghanistan (ICA). First of all, I’d like to thank Uzbekistan’s efforts for making this conference possible.

I believe strongly, as you would all do, that the situation in Afghanistan today matters a lot to humanity, and to regional and global security and stability, in spite of many other changes in the world. If Afghanistan situation deteriorates into chaos, the international community will no doubt be negatively impacted. And that would be a disaster for the region first and foremost, and no less so to the whole world as well. It’s been nearly one whole year since the Kabul Moment. With joint efforts from the international community and regional countries, stability is gaining ground in Afghanistan, and there has yet been no major refugee exodus so far. Meanwhile, it should be noted that the economy and people’s livelihood are facing serious difficulties due to some major power’s unilateral sanctions and significant drop in external aids. Frequent natural disasters also added hardship. Now, 72% of the Afghan population live below the poverty line with 23 million people in the shortage of food.The unemployment rate has reached 38%. The IS launches terrorist attacks every now and then, and the terrorist groups like Al-Qaeda and ETIM are taking advantage of that situation to accumulate strength. Terrorism and security threats in Afghanistan are far from alleviation. With distraction from the Ukraine issue and the so-called Indo-Pacific Strategy pushed and sold by the US, external attention and input to assist Afghan people both have declined. It is essential that we all continue to bring high international awareness of Afghanistan issue, helping the country to realize peace, stability and reconstruction as soon as possible while keep moving towards good governance.

Dear colleagues,

China has been all along trying its best to assist Afghan people to tide over the current crisis. Since the fundamental changes in Afghanistan in last August, China has provided the country with over 350 million RMB yuan of urgent humanitarian assistance through bilateral channels. Assistance such as food, medicine, vaccines and winter supplies helped the Afghan people through the hardest and coldest winter. Moreover, China resumed the “pine nuts express”, and imported more than 1600 tons of pine nuts via chartered cargo flights. We are also importing signature products such as saffron, almonds, figs and raisins to relieve the Afghan people’s difficulties through various means. In March 2022, China announced its 1 billion yuan of humanitarian and development aid to Afghanistan. After recent earthquake, we provided 50 million RMB yuan’s worth of urgent humanitarian assistance at the earliest possible time. Those tents, blankets, foldable beds, as well as cash donated from both public and private sectors, including the Chinese government, companies and organizations, helped directly and significantly.

Furthermore, China has conducted intensive multilateral coordination on Afghan issue. While actively participating in the UN, Moscow Format and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization’s (SCO) effort in addressing the Afghan issue, China, together with our neighboring partners, launched the Mechanism for Coordination and Cooperation among the Neighboring Countries of Afghanistan, with the foreign ministers’ meeting as the main body, and helped to shape international consensus of engagement and regional efforts in stabilizing and assisting Afghanistan. In late March 2022, after State Councilor and Foreign Minister Wang Yi’s successful visit to Afghanistan, China hosted the Third Foreign Ministers’ Meeting among the Neighboring Countries of Afghanistan in Tunxi, Anhui Province. The meeting has achieved real and significant results, including Joint Declaration stressing continuous support for Afghanistan, and the Tunxi Initiative focusing on economic rebuilding and practical cooperation, producing strong call and more actions for enhancing peace and stability for Afghanistan and the region.

Colleagues,

It is therefore very timely that today’s conference is held aiming at “Afghanistan: Security and Economic Development”. Security and development are not only two major challenges for Afghanistan, but also global challenges for all. It is exactly for tackling with those challenges that China’s President Xi Jinping proposed the Global Development Initiative and the Global Security Initiative. President Xi stresses the need to forge a united, equal, balanced and inclusive high-quality global development partnership with no country or individual left behind. He also emphasizes the importance of holding fast the vision for common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security towards world peace and tranquility. China would uphold the spirit of those initiatives and work with the international community and regional countries in helping Afghanistan addressing those issues like governance, stability, economy and people’s livelihood in a systematic way. To that end, China would like to enhance coordination and cooperation with all regional and international partners in following aspects:

Number one, to offer necessary guidance to Afghanistan’s internal and external policies in an appropriate way. Any true help for Afghan people can hardly be materialized if one bypasses the Afghan authority in operation. Although the acting government has much room for improvement, it is important to engage with it in an equal and respectful way, whether to promote inclusive government structure, to bring about moderate and prudent governance or to realize decisive countering of terrorism. While many have paid extensive attention to women, human rights and education of middle-school girls in Afghanistan, suggestions, guidance and necessary assistance are to be offered in a way acceptable for the Afghan authority, to create conditions to genuinely help the matter gain visible progress at an earlier date.

Number two, to break the deadlock Afghanistan faces in economic development and people’s livelihood. Development is the ultimate solution to maintaining security. The international community needs to continue to provide Afghanistan with assistance in economy and people’s livelihood, and support the UN in playing its role in promoting peace and stability in Afghanistan and coordination for assistance. The acting government of Afghanistan, as the leading actor in aid distribution and allocation of foreign aid, should be respected in clear opposition to politicization of humanitarian actions. We see it very important to not only give fish to the Afghan people in need, but also provide guidance on fishing themselves by strengthening the country’s capacity for self-reliant and sustainable recovery, and adopting a development path that best fits its own national conditions for independence, prosperity and social progress.

Number three, to improve and enhance connectivity. Afghanistan sits in the heart of Asia. Many plans of regional inter-connectivity projects, with Afghanistan at the center, are well underway. China supports all sides in empowering Afghanistan’s location advantages. Under the Belt and Road Initiative, China is ready to extend the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor and the China-Central Asia-West Asia Economic Corridor out to Afghanistan. We are also ready to study how to support the projects such as the Afghanistan-Pakistan Highway and the Uzbekistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan Railway. Additionally, we would be happy to see tech firms like ZTE and Huawei go to Afghanistan and join the region’s efforts in building and improving telecommunication network. China is committed to helping improve the inter-connectivity among Central Asia, South Asia and West Asia.

Number four, to join international efforts to urge lifting any unilateral sanctions against Afghanistan. Despite the fact that UNSC resolution No. 2615 rules that humanitarian assistance to Afghanistan does not violate UNSC sanctions, many banks refuses to work with humanitarian institutions in transferring funds to Afghanistan for fear of sanctions from the US. The US should lift unilateral sanctions and unreasonable financial restrictions as soon as possible if it is truly supporting Afghanistan in obtaining peace and reconstruction. As the starter of the Afghan issue, the US is still avoiding facing up the chaotic situation there and insists on holding and controlling Afghanistan’s 7 billion US dollar assets. Afghan people are right now in dire need for life, and the US is dragging its feet in unfreezing the assets of the Afghan central bank. The US needs to return in full the 7 billion assets to Afghanistan right now, and find effective operation and monitoring mechanism to implement assets unfreezing by working with the Afghan side on an equal footing to assure those assets are used for Afghan people.

Number five, to enhance cooperation in countering terrorism and strengthening security. According to recent UN monitoring report, Al-Qaeda is still in close connection with the Taliban, and its operation in Afghanistan expanded. It is necessary to the whole international community to watch closely the activities of terrorist groups in Afghanistan, including the ETIM, and urge the Afghan side to fulfill its promise on countering terrorism by taking visible and verifiable measures. We should enhance cooperation on countering terrorism and security through concrete actions and eliminate the threat of terrorism in Afghanistan and the region. Any double standards or selective approach on counter-terrorism is unacceptable. Supporting terrorist groups for one’s selfish interest will only make Afghanistan the breeding ground, safe haven and origin of proliferation of terrorism.

Ladies and gentlemen,

As an old Chinese saying goes, however far or hard a journey shall be, he that keeps on going reaches destination. China is ready to work with all parties and keep on going to contribute, as our host repeatedly emphasized today “with joint and combined efforts”, to lasting peace, security, stability and common prosperity in Afghanistan and the whole region.

Thank you.

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